Thomas E. Black, a student representative of the American publication Challenge was in touch with Russell in 1917 (BRACERS 347, 5506), asking him to write “a letter to the thinking men of American colleges”. The article, “War and Individual Liberty” (B&R C17.14; 19 in Papers 14), did not appear in Challenge, for reasons unknown. Black had founded Challenge in 1916 “to stimulate the free discussion of opinion among American students”; it ceased publication in 1919.